Improvement in nut-lock and washer for bolts



v D. GUMMING, DGOd., A. s. SULLIVAN, Adnir. Nut-Look and Washerfor'Bolts.

. No; 196,113. Patented Oct. 16, 1877.

- UNITED ST TES PATENT OFFICE.

' nAvm' OUMMIING, (DEOEASED,) on NEW YORK, N. Y.; ALGERNON s.

sULLIyAN, ADMINISTRATOR.

I IMPROVEMENT IN NUT-LOCK AND WASHER FOR BOLTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 196,113, dated October16, 1877; application filed March 26, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID GUMMING, of New York, in the county and Stateof New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Washers forBolts, which improvement is fully set forth in the followingspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention is an improvement on the washer for which Letters PatentNo. 132,807 were granted to me November 5, 1872, and is for the purposeof more efiectually preventing the washer and nut of the bolt turningback, so as to unscrew the nut 01f the bolt. I use the wood washer withthe fibers of the wood parallel, or nearly so, with the bolt, the sameas described in my patent aforesaid; but in place of the metal caps usedto confine the wood, I use a metal hoop, into which the wood is driven,so as to leave the ends of the fibers of the wood exposed, for thepurpose hereinafter set forth.

In the drawing, Figure l is a face view of the said washer and partsconnected by the bolt. Fig. 2 is a section of the same. Fig. 3represents the wood washer, its hoop, and metal washer, in section,separately. Fig. is afront view of the hoop, and Fig. 5 a side 'view ofthe same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in thedifferent figures.

The bolt A and nut B, I have shown as employed in clamping, thefish-plates G O to the railway-bar D. The hoop L has projections g g 1attached to its inner surface at one of its edges, and teeth h h hformed on the other edge. The wood washer m. is driven into the hoop atthe edge having the teeth, the projections thereby being forced into thewood, which will prevent it turning in the hoop. The teeth are then bentinto the wood, securing the wood and hoop together.

The wood washer must be thicker than the width of the hoop, or greaterin diameter than the nut, so that the hoop will not interfere with theelasticity of the wood.

When the nut is screwed up against the washer, the friction of the endwood against the fish-plate and nut will prevent the washer and nutbeing started back by vibration, so as to unscrew the nut off the bolt.

To more efiectually prevent the nut and washer from turning, I attachthe stop 70 to the hoop, which is placed to the left of the bolt, and.in contact with the foot of the railwaybar, as shown in Fig. 1. Afterthe nut is turned up to its place the clinch-nail X is driven throughthe wood washer. The point of the nail, striking the fish-plate, is bentor riveted, so as to hold the nail firmly in the wood. The head of thenail, projecting, is bent against the nut, which will effectuallyprevent it turning back.

The metal washer n is used between the wood washer and nut when the woodis not hard enough to prevent crushing by the nut.

Another stop similar to the stop it may be attached to the hoop andplaced to the right of the bolt, to prevent the washer turning when thenut is being turned on; but I find that the friction of the wood againstthe fishplate will answer that purpose.

I claim as my invention-- 1. A wooden washer whose grain issubstantially parallel with the axis of the bolt, in combination with ametal hoop inclosing the perimeter, but not the face, of the washer, andprovided with means for securing the washer, substantially as described.

2. A wooden washer whose grain is substantially parallel with the axisof the bolt, in combination with a metal hoop inclosing the perimeter,but not the face, of the washer, and provided with means of securing thewasher, and in combination with the stop 70 and nail X, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

DAVID CUMMING.

Witnesses D. BARTHoLoMEw, MORITZ KANN.

